Doctors define bacterial vaginosis as an unhealthy change in the vaginal environment.
In this process, anaerobic bacteria and the bacterium Gardnerella vaginalis colonize the vagina. In addition, mycoplasmas cause an imbalance in the vagina. This has a negative effect on the lactic acid bacteria—the lactobacilli.
The Symptoms of Bacterial Vaginosis
In cases of bacterial vaginosis, half of those affected experience a uniform vaginal discharge. This discharge is grayish-white in color. It appears foamy or watery. It also has an unpleasant odor. This fishy smell is caused by the amines that are produced. Other symptoms include
- itchy irritation on the outside of the vagina,
- Pain during sexual intercourse,
- Pain When Using the Restroom
- as well as a reddish rash.
This inflammation of the vagina increases the risk of gynecological infections. These include inflammation of the mucous membrane in the cervix and inflammation of the fallopian tubes. Irritation of the external genitalia also occurs in many cases of this infection.
Bacterial vaginosis is caused by harmful bacteria. These are transmitted by the male penis, semen, and pathogens from the anal area. The healthy vaginal flora usually fends off these pathogens. Lactic acid bacteria are beneficial. Pathogens hardly grow in an acidic environment. The level of the female hormone estrogen determines the number of these beneficial bacteria. If their numbers drop due to bacterial vaginosis, pathogens can easily enter the vagina.
Treating Bacterial Vaginosis
Treatment for a Gardnerella infection is administered only if the woman is experiencing symptoms. Various medications, such as antibiotics, are used to treat the condition. Metronidazole is particularly effective against anaerobic bacteria. It is available in both oral and vaginal forms. Pain-relieving vaginal ointments are also available.
Vaginal suppositories are suitable for treating bacteria locally. They contain lactobacilli or ascorbic acid. These suppositories or vaginal tablets are available over the counter at pharmacies. Their main purpose is to restore the natural vaginal flora. Preparations containing lactic acid bacteria also help maintain the balance of the vaginal environment. These medications are typically used as follow-up treatment for bacterial vaginosis. Patients use them after completing a course of antibiotics.
Those interested can find detailed information about bacterial vaginosis on the website geschlechtskrankheiten.de. The site provides useful information on various sexually transmitted diseases, their causes, and treatments. Visitors can also read tips on prevention. A simple search bar makes it easy to find information on a specific disease.
